====== Hydro-alcoholic solution ======
  * [[https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solution_hydro-alcoolique|Hydro-alcoholic solution]] (called SHA)
  * Protocol to fabric the solution by World Health Organization (WHO)

| |  **10 L**  |  **1 L**  |  **100 mL**  |
|Alcohol (ethanol 96°)* |  8,333 L  |  833 mL  |  83 mL  |
|Hydrogen peroxyde (3 %) |  0,417 L  |  42 mL  | 4,2 mL  |
|Glycerol 98 % |  0,145 L  |  14 mL  |  1,4 mL  |
|Clean water (distiled, boiled and frozen) |  q.s.p.  |  q.s.p.  |  q.s.p.  |

* One can use isopropanol at 99,8 % (7,515 L for a final solution of 10 L). 

  * To wash your hands properly, apply [[en:subject:prevention:wash_hands|five movements]]! 
  * The question asked directly to Prof. D. Pittet (the inventor of the SHA) to know the minimum ethanol concentration: " __It is advisable to use a hydro-alcoholic solution with a minimum concentration of 60% alcohol, ideally 75% to 80%__ " Which means that if you only have at your disposal alcohol at 70° (for example camphorated alcohol), then you can make your SHA without adding water : 100mL of 70° alcohol + 5mL of H2O2 and 2mL of glycerol gives a final alcohol concentration of about 66.5°. The WHO formulation says to let it rest for 3 days (but well, after 24 hours, the effect of H2O2 is clearly diminished on the skin, in fact).

===== Scientific references =====
  * Pittet, Didier, et John M Boyce. « [[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1473309909702956|Hand hygiene and patient care: pursuing the Semmelweis legacy]] ». The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Preview Issue, 1, nᵒ Supplement 1 (1 avril 2001): 9‑20. 
  * Kramer, Axel, Peter Rudolph, Gonter Kampf, et Didier Pittet. « [[http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S014067360208426X|Limited efficacy of alcohol-based hand gels]] ». The Lancet 359, nᵒ 9316 (27 avril 2002): 1489‑90. 
  * Sax, H., B. Allegranzi, I. Uçkay, E. Larson, J. Boyce, et D. Pittet. « ‘[[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2007.06.004|My five moments for hand hygiene’: a user-centred design approach to understand, train, monitor and report hand hygiene]] ». Journal of Hospital Infection 67, nᵒ 1 (1 septembre 2007): 9‑21. 
  * Suchomel, Miranda, Michael Kundi, Didier Pittet, Martina Weinlich, et Manfred L. Rotter. « [[https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2011.06.012|Testing of the World Health Organization recommended formulations in their application as hygienic hand rubs and proposals for increased efficacy]] ». American Journal of Infection Control 40, nᵒ 4 (1 mai 2012): 328‑31.